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Files changed: - CHANGES.md - README.md - VERSION - kb/concepts/Ambient Environment Dependency.md - kb/concepts/Anti-Cramming Heuristic.md - kb/concepts/Audit Trail.md - kb/concepts/BM25.md - kb/concepts/Bulk Operations.md - kb/concepts/CI Integration.md - kb/concepts/COLLECTION.md - kb/concepts/CPPC.md - kb/concepts/Checkpoint Audit.md - kb/concepts/Claude Code Auto Mode.md - kb/concepts/Command Round-Trip Integrity.md - kb/concepts/Confidence Scoring.md - kb/concepts/Consolidation Tiers.md - kb/concepts/Content Quality Control.md - kb/concepts/Context Isolation.md - kb/concepts/Contradiction Resolution.md - kb/concepts/Cross-platform Agent Skills.md - kb/concepts/Crystallization.md - kb/concepts/Delete Rather Than Anonymize.md - kb/concepts/Denylist over Allowlist.md - kb/concepts/Detect-Repair Asymmetry.md - kb/concepts/Diff-Reviewable Agent Edits.md - kb/concepts/Dual Licensing by File Plan.md - kb/concepts/Entity Extraction.md - kb/concepts/Episodic Memory.md - kb/concepts/Event-Driven Automation.md - kb/concepts/Filter on Ingest.md - kb/concepts/Forgetting.md - kb/concepts/Graph Traversal.md - kb/concepts/Green Suite Blind Spot.md - kb/concepts/Hooks.md - kb/concepts/Hybrid Search.md - kb/concepts/INDEX.md - kb/concepts/Implementation Spectrum.md - kb/concepts/Index Scaling.md - kb/concepts/Issue Label Scheme.md - kb/concepts/Iteration and Cost Limits.md - kb/concepts/KB Migration.md - kb/concepts/KB Stack Versioning.md - kb/concepts/Knowledge Compounding.md - kb/concepts/Knowledge Graph.md - kb/concepts/LLM Wiki Pattern.md - kb/concepts/Lint Workflow.md - kb/concepts/MCP-Leseserver.md - kb/concepts/Mass-Update Gate.md - kb/concepts/Memory Lifecycle.md - kb/concepts/Mesh Sync.md - kb/concepts/Modbus.md - kb/concepts/Multi-Agent Collaboration.md - kb/concepts/Naming Convention Conflict.md - kb/concepts/OKF Compatibility.md - kb/concepts/Optional Instance Context File.md - kb/concepts/Personalization Plane.md - kb/concepts/Privacy and Governance.md - kb/concepts/Procedural Memory.md - kb/concepts/Publish-Remote Gate.md - kb/concepts/Quality Scoring.md - kb/concepts/Quality and Self-Correction.md - kb/concepts/RAG.md - kb/concepts/Reciprocal Rank Fusion.md - kb/concepts/SSD TRIM.md - kb/concepts/Scale Ceiling.md - kb/concepts/Self-Healing.md - kb/concepts/Semantic Lint Automation.md - kb/concepts/Semantic Memory.md - kb/concepts/Session Orientation.md - kb/concepts/Shared vs Private.md - kb/concepts/Split Merge Reclassify.md - kb/concepts/Split Threshold.md - kb/concepts/Structural Enforcement over Documented Rule.md - kb/concepts/Stub Threshold.md - kb/concepts/Supersession.md - kb/concepts/Three-Layer Architecture.md - kb/concepts/Token Economics.md - kb/concepts/Typed Relationships.md - kb/concepts/User Management.md - kb/concepts/Vector Search.md - kb/concepts/Work Coordination.md - kb/concepts/Workflow Extraction.md - kb/concepts/Workflow Orchestration.md - kb/concepts/Working Memory.md - kb/concepts/Write-Once Frontmatter Fields.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Consolidation Tiers.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Context Isolation.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Cross-platform Agent Skills.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Episodic Memory.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Hybrid Search.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Implementation Spectrum.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Knowledge Graph.md - kb/concepts/architectures/LLM Wiki Pattern.md - kb/concepts/architectures/MCP-Leseserver.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Memory Lifecycle.md - kb/concepts/architectures/OKF Compatibility.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Optional Instance Context File.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Personalization Plane.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Procedural Memory.md - kb/concepts/architectures/RAG.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Scale Ceiling.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Semantic Memory.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Three-Layer Architecture.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Token Economics.md - kb/concepts/architectures/Working Memory.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Delete Rather Than Anonymize.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Denylist over Allowlist.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Diff-Reviewable Agent Edits.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Dual Licensing by File Plan.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Issue Label Scheme.md - kb/concepts/decisions/KB Stack Versioning.md - kb/concepts/decisions/Structural Enforcement over Documented Rule.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Audit Trail.md - kb/concepts/patterns/BM25.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Command Round-Trip Integrity.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Confidence Scoring.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Contradiction Resolution.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Entity Extraction.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Filter on Ingest.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Forgetting.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Graph Traversal.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Mesh Sync.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Quality Scoring.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Reciprocal Rank Fusion.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Self-Healing.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Shared vs Private.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Typed Relationships.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Vector Search.md - kb/concepts/patterns/Work Coordination.md - kb/concepts/problems/Ambient Environment Dependency.md - kb/concepts/problems/Detect-Repair Asymmetry.md - kb/concepts/problems/Green Suite Blind Spot.md - kb/concepts/problems/Naming Convention Conflict.md - kb/concepts/problems/Write-Once Frontmatter Fields.md - kb/concepts/protocols/CPPC.md - kb/concepts/protocols/Modbus.md - kb/concepts/protocols/SSD TRIM.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Anti-Cramming Heuristic.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Bulk Operations.md - kb/concepts/workflows/CI Integration.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Checkpoint Audit.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Claude Code Auto Mode.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Content Quality Control.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Crystallization.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Event-Driven Automation.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Hooks.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Index Scaling.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Iteration and Cost Limits.md - kb/concepts/workflows/KB Migration.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Knowledge Compounding.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Lint Workflow.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Mass-Update Gate.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Multi-Agent Collaboration.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Privacy and Governance.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Publish-Remote Gate.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Quality and Self-Correction.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Semantic Lint Automation.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Session Orientation.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Split Merge Reclassify.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Split Threshold.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Stub Threshold.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Supersession.md - kb/concepts/workflows/User Management.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Workflow Extraction.md - kb/concepts/workflows/Workflow Orchestration.md - kb/index.md - kb/log.md - tools/CONTRACT.md - tools/README.md - tools/chemenu/catalog.py - tools/chemenu/commands/index_build.py - tools/chemenu/lint_core.py - tools/chemenu/tests/conftest.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_cite_cmd.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_git_publish.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_index_build.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_lint.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_new_page.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_provenance.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_type_resolver.py - tools/chemenu/tests/test_xref.py - types/concept.md - types/type-spec.md
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---
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type: types/concept.md
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concept_type: architecture
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tags: [search, bm25, vector, graph, scalability]
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created: 2026-07-26
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modified: 2026-08-29
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related:
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- exemplifies: LLM Wiki Pattern
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- see-also: BM25
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- composition: Vector Search
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- composition: Reciprocal Rank Fusion
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- rests-on: Knowledge Graph
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- see-also: Graph Traversal
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sources: [Source - LLM Wiki v2]
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confidence: 0.90
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confidence_base: 0.90
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provenance: sourced
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summary: Multimodale Suche, die BM25-Schlüsselwortabgleich, Vektor-Embeddings und Graph Traversal verbindet, um Wissensabruf im Wiki skalierbar zu machen.
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---
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# Hybrid Search
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**Typ:** Architecture (Multi-Modal-Suchsystem)
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## Definition
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Hybrid Search kombiniert **drei komplementäre Suchansätze**, um skalierbare und genaue Wissensbeschaffung in Wikis zu ermöglichen, die ~100-200 Seiten übersteigen. Dies adressiert die Einschränkung des ursprünglichen Musters, das sich ausschließlich auf `index.md` für die Entdeckung verlässt.
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## Kernpunkte
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### Das Problem
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Der ursprüngliche `index.md`-Katalog funktioniert bis zu ~100-200 Seiten. Darüber hinaus:
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- Der Index selbst wird zu lang, um vom LLM in einem Durchgang gelesen zu werden
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- Schlüsselwortabgleich vermisst semantische Ähnlichkeit
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- Flache Suche kann strukturelle Beziehungen nicht erfassen
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- Unimodale Suche hat Blindstellen
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### Die Lösung: Drei-Stream-Fusion
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**1. BM25 (Schlüsselwortabgleich)**
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- Traditionelle Informationsbeschaffung mit Stammformreduktion und Synonymerweiterung
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- **Stärken:** Findet genaue Begriffe, schnell, gut verstanden
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- **Schwächen:** Vermisst semantische Ähnlichkeit, erfordert genaue Begriffsabgleiche
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- **Anwendungsfall:** "Alle Seiten über Docker finden"
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**2. Vector Search (Semantische Ähnlichkeit)**
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- Nutzt Embeddings, um semantisch ähnliche Inhalte zu finden
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- **Stärken:** Findet verwandte Konzepte, auch ohne genaue Begriffsabgleiche
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- **Schwächen:** Kann präzise technische Begriffe verpassen, rechentechnisch teuer
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- **Anwendungsfall:** "Informationen über Container-Plattformen finden" (passt Docker, Podman, etc.)
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**3. Graph Traversal (Strukturelle Verbindungen)**
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- Durchläuft den [[Knowledge Graph]] durch typisierte Beziehungen
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- **Stärken:** Findet strukturelle Verbindungen, die Schlüsselwort- und Vector-Suche verfehlen
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- **Schwächen:** Erfordert gut gepflegten Graph, findet nur verbundene Entitäten
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- **Anwendungsfall:** "Was ist die Auswirkung eines Redis-Upgrades?" (findet alle abhängigen Services)
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### Fusion mit Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF)
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Anstatt einen Ansatz zu wählen, **alle drei mit RRF fusionieren**:
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1. Alle drei Suchen parallel ausführen
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2. Jede gibt eine rangierte Liste von Ergebnissen zurück
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3. RRF kombiniert die Rankings mit gegenseitigen Rang-Scores
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4. Ergebnis: Bessere Gesamtrangierung als bei einem einzelnen Ansatz
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**Warum RRF?**
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- Einfach und effektiv
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- Keine Notwendigkeit, Gewichte zwischen Modi zu tunen
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- Robust gegen Unterschiede in der Ergebnisqualität
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- Funktioniert auch, wenn ein Modus schlecht abschneidet
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## Implementierung
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### Architektur
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```
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Abfrage: "Wie funktioniert das Auth-System?"
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│
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├── BM25-Suche → [Seiten mit "Auth", "Authentication", "Login"]
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│
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├── Vector Search → [semantisch mit Authentication verbundene Seiten]
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│
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└── Graph Traversal → [Seiten, die mit Auth-Entitäten im Graph verbunden sind]
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│
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└── Reciprocal Rank Fusion → Kombinierte, rangierte Ergebnisse
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```
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### Wann wechseln
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| Wiki-Größe | Primärer Suchmechanismus |
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|-----------|--------------------------|
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| < 100 Seiten | `index.md` (manuell) |
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| 100-200 Seiten | `index.md` + grundlegende Suche |
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| 200-1000 Seiten | Hybrid-Suche (BM25 + Vector) |
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| 1000+ Seiten | Hybrid-Suche (BM25 + Vector + Graph) |
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**Empfehlung:** `index.md` als für Menschen lesbaren Katalog auch mit Hybrid-Suche bewahren. Es dient verschiedenen Zwecken:
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- `index.md`: Menschliche Navigation, Überblick
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- Hybrid-Suche: LLM-Abfragelösung
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## Vorteile
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- **Skalierbarkeit:** Funktioniert von 100 bis 10.000+ Seiten
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- **Genauigkeit:** Jeder Modus erfasst, was andere vermissen
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- **Robustheit:** Kein Single Point of Failure
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- **Flexibilität:** Passt sich verschiedenen Abfragetypen an
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- **Zukunftssicher:** Kann weitere Modi hinzufügen (z.B. Zeitsuche)
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## Wann zu verwenden
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- Wikis, von denen erwartet wird, dass sie über 200 Seiten hinauswachsen
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- Bereiche mit vielfältigen Abfragetypen
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- Situationen, die hohen Recall erfordern
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- Multi-modale Wissensdatenbanken
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## Wann NICHT zu verwenden
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- Kleine Wikis (<100 Seiten) - `index.md` ist ausreichend
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- Einfache, gleichmäßige Inhalte
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- Situationen, in denen die Implementierungskomplexität nicht gerechtfertigt ist
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## Verwandte Concepts
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- [[Agent Memory]] - Produktionsimplementierung
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## Siehe auch
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- [[Event-Driven Automation]] (für automatisierte Indizierung)
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- Scalable Search (verwandtes Concept)
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<!-- wikitool:links -->
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## Beziehungen
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- **exemplifies:** [[LLM Wiki Pattern]]
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- **see-also:** [[BM25]]
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- **composition:** [[Vector Search]]
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- **composition:** [[Reciprocal Rank Fusion]]
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- **rests-on:** [[Knowledge Graph]]
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- **see-also:** [[Graph Traversal]]
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<!-- /wikitool:links -->
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